全髖關節置換術後 24 小時。哪項護理措施對預防肺栓塞最為重要？
A client is 24 hours post-total hip replacement. Which nursing intervention is most important to prevent a pulmonary embolism?
- AMonitor the surgical incision for redness監測手術切口是否有紅腫
- BApply sequential compression devices (SCDs)✓ 正解應用循序加壓裝置（SCDs）
- CKeep the affected leg in an adducted position將患肢保持在內收位置
- DEncourage deep breathing and coughing鼓勵深呼吸與咳嗽
肺栓塞 (PE) 多由深部靜脈栓塞 (DVT) 脫落引起。術後使用間歇性充氣加壓裝置 (SCDs) 可促進下肢血液回流，防止血栓形成，是預防 PE 的核心措施。A 預防肺炎；C 監測感染；C 是錯誤的，髖關節術後應保持外展 (Abduction) 以防脫臼。
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is most often caused by the dislodgment of a deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Postoperative use of sequential compression devices (SCDs) promotes venous return in the lower extremities and prevents clot formation, making it the core measure for preventing PE. Option D prevents pneumonia; option A monitors for infection; option C is incorrect because the affected leg after hip surgery should be kept in abduction to prevent dislocation.
美國醫囑常會強制包含 SCDs 的使用；台灣臨床則常以彈性襪 (TED hose) 為主，SCDs 使用率視醫院等級而定。