— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照護一位疑似傳染病病人，應採取哪些感控措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a suspected infectious disease. Which actions should the nurse take to ensure appropriate infection control? (Select all that apply.)
- AWear a mask for all contact with the client與病人接觸時佩戴口罩
- BPerform hand hygiene before and after entering the room✓ 正解進出房間前後執行手部衛生
- CPlace the client in a negative-pressure room if airborne precautions are indicated✓ 正解若需採取空氣隔離措施，將病人安置於負壓隔離病房
- DUse sterile gloves for all patient assessments進行所有病人評估時使用無菌手套
- ELimit the number of staff members entering the room✓ 正解限制進入房間的人員數量
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
感控措施需根據傳染途徑調整。手部衛生是預防傳染的最基本核心。若為空氣傳染（如肺結核），負壓隔離病房為必要條件。減少進入房間的人員可降低曝露風險。A 選項不正確，因為接觸傳染不一定需要戴口罩，非接觸傳染則不需全面佩戴；D 選項不正確，評估病人只需清潔手套，非全面使用無菌手套。
Infection control measures depend on the mode of transmission; hand hygiene is the most effective method to prevent spread, and negative-pressure rooms are used for airborne precautions. Limiting staff entry reduces exposure risk, while masks and sterile gloves are only used when specifically indicated by the transmission type or procedure, respectively.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院感染控制委員會 (ICP) 權限極大；台灣感控護理師常受限於單位人力分配與醫師配合度。