護理師照護一位全髖關節置換術後病人。應採取哪些措施以預防深部靜脈栓塞（DVT）？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following a total hip arthroplasty. Which actions should the nurse take to prevent DVT? (Select all that apply.)
- AApply sequential compression devices as ordered✓ 正解依醫囑使用間歇性氣壓加壓裝置
- BEncourage early ambulation as prescribed✓ 正解鼓勵遵照指示儘早下床活動
- CPlace a pillow under the knees to improve comfort在膝蓋下方放置枕頭以增加舒適感
- DAdminister prophylactic anticoagulants as ordered✓ 正解依醫囑給予預防性抗凝血劑
- EPerform ankle pumps and foot circles exercises hourly✓ 正解每小時執行踝關節屈伸及腳部繞圈運動
全髖關節術後靜脈血栓風險高。預防核心為促進血液回流及藥物預防。使用連續性氣壓式腿部壓迫器、鼓勵早期下床活動、規律執行踝關節幫浦運動，皆能降低血液鬱滯。抗凝血藥物是臨床標準預防流程。選項 C 錯誤：膝下墊枕頭會造成膕窩受壓，阻礙血液回流，反而增加深部靜脈栓塞風險。
The risk of venous thromboembolism is high after total hip arthroplasty. The core of prevention is promoting venous return and pharmacologic prophylaxis. Using sequential compression devices, encouraging early ambulation, and performing regular ankle pump exercises all reduce venous stasis. Anticoagulant medications are the clinical standard for prophylaxis. Option C is incorrect: placing a pillow under the knees compresses the popliteal area, impedes venous return, and actually increases the risk of DVT.
美台對於術後早期下床活動之 protocol 高度一致，皆強調多科整合復健。