一位高血壓病史的病人正在接受評估,哪項評估結果需要護理師通知醫師?
A nurse is preparing to perform an assessment on a client with a history of hypertension. Which assessment finding requires the nurse to notify the physician?
- ARespiratory rate of 16 breaths per minute呼吸速率為每分鐘 16 次
- BClient complains of a sudden, severe headache✓ 正解客戶主訴突發性劇烈頭痛
- CBlood pressure of 145/90 mmHg血壓為 145/90 mmHg
- DHeart rate of 78 beats per minute心率為每分鐘 78 次
核心概念:高血壓(Hypertension)病人的臨床評估與警訊辨識。 為何正確答案對: B. 高血壓病人出現突發且嚴重的頭痛(Sudden, severe headache),伴隨頭暈,是極度危險的徵兆,高度懷疑是高血壓急症(Hypertensive Emergency)或顱內出血(Intracranial Hemorrhage)等危及生命的狀況。這表示血壓已升高到極危險的程度,對腦部等器官造成了急性損害,必須立即通知醫師進行緊急評估與處理。 為何其他選項錯: A. 血壓 145/90 mmHg 雖超過理想值(<120/80 mmHg),但未達高血壓危象的標準(通常定義為收縮壓 >180 mmHg 或舒張壓 >120 mmHg,且伴隨器官損害)。雖然需要關注與長期管理,但非立即需通知醫師的緊急情況。 C. 心率 78 bpm 屬於正常範圍(60-100 bpm)。 D. 呼吸速率 16 bpm 屬於正常範圍(12-20 bpm)。
A sudden, severe headache in a client with hypertension is a red flag for hypertensive crisis or intracranial hemorrhage, requiring immediate physician notification. While mild blood pressure elevations and normal vital signs need monitoring, they do not constitute the acute, life-threatening emergency indicated by the severe headache.