一位甲狀腺切除術後病人，下列哪些評估對於偵測致命性併發症至關重要？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-thyroidectomy. Which assessments are essential to detect life-threatening complications? (Select all that apply.)
- ACheck for neck swelling and respiratory distress✓ 正解檢查頸部腫脹與呼吸困難
- BAssess for Trousseau's sign✓ 正解評估 Trousseau 徵象
- CMonitor for laryngeal nerve damage by asking the client to speak✓ 正解請病人說話以監測喉返神經損傷
- DEvaluate the surgical dressing for active bleeding✓ 正解評估手術敷料是否有活動性出血
- ECheck for Chvostek's sign✓ 正解檢查 Chvostek 徵象
甲狀腺切除術後三大致命併發症：A. 頸部腫脹與呼吸窘迫顯示血腫壓迫氣管，是最緊急的氣道風險；B. Trousseau's sign 與 E. Chvostek's sign 均為副甲狀腺誤傷後低血鈣的神經肌肉興奮徵象；C. 嗓音改變顯示喉返神經損傷；D. 評估手術敷料活動性出血為術後例行必要動作。注意，部分出血會向後頸堆積（不只前方敷料），故敷料正常並不能排除出血，應結合 A 的頸部腫脹評估綜合判斷。
Three major life-threatening complications after thyroidectomy: A. Neck swelling with respiratory distress indicates hematoma compressing the trachea, representing the most urgent airway risk; B. Trousseau's sign and E. Chvostek's sign are both signs of neuromuscular excitability due to hypocalcemia from inadvertent parathyroid injury; C. Voice changes indicate recurrent laryngeal nerve injury; D. Assessing the surgical dressing for active bleeding is a necessary routine postoperative action. Note that some bleeding may pool toward the back of the neck (not only the anterior dressing), so a normal-appearing dressing does not rule out hemorrhage; assessment should be combined with neck swelling findings from A for comprehensive judgment.
美台護理常規對於甲狀腺術後評估皆重視，美國常由 RN 直接執行術後評估並主動通知外科醫師。