— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位 55 歲高血壓患者服用 lisinopril，護理師應優先評估下列哪項症狀？
A 55-year-old client with a history of hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. Which symptom should the nurse prioritize in the assessment?
- ADizziness upon standing站立時頭暈
- BDry, hacking cough✓ 正解乾咳
- CMild peripheral edema輕微周邊水腫
- DOccasional headaches偶發性頭痛
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
ACE 抑制劑常見副作用為乾咳，這是由於緩激肽在肺部堆積所致。雖然這是常見副作用，但需評估是否轉變為血管性水腫（angioedema），後者具有氣管阻塞致命風險。D 和 A 為血壓控制過程常見現象，非危急指徵。
A persistent dry, hacking cough is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors like lisinopril caused by bradykinin accumulation. The nurse must monitor for this symptom and watch for signs of angioedema, which poses a risk of airway obstruction.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師在衛教時會強調立即回報任何面部腫脹；台灣藥師與護理師同樣重視此副作用衛教。