一名急性胰臟炎病人主訴嚴重上腹痛。護理師應優先執行哪項介入措施以促進生理適應？
A client with acute pancreatitis presents with severe epigastric pain. Which nursing intervention is the priority to promote physiological adaptation?
- AEncourage clear liquid intake鼓勵攝取清流質飲食
- BPerform passive range-of-motion exercises執行被動關節活動範圍運動
- CAdminister prophylactic antibiotics給予預防性抗生素
- DMaintain NPO status✓ 正解維持禁食狀態
急性胰臟炎（Acute Pancreatitis）的核心病理機轉在於胰臟酵素（如胰蛋白酶）提早活化，導致胰臟自身消化與發炎。治療的優先目標是「讓胰臟休息」，以減少胰液分泌及對組織的進一步傷害。禁食（NPO）是減少胰臟刺激最有效的生理適應措施，能降低疼痛並防止病況惡化。其他選項如給予食物會加劇發炎；抗生素並非Routine常規用藥，除非有明確感染跡象；復健運動則非急性期優先事項。
The core pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis is premature activation of pancreatic enzymes (such as trypsin), leading to autodigestion and inflammation of the pancreas. The priority goal of treatment is to rest the pancreas, reducing secretion of pancreatic juice and further tissue damage. NPO status is the most effective physiologic adaptation, decreasing pancreatic stimulation, relieving pain, and preventing deterioration. Other options, such as feeding, would aggravate inflammation; antibiotics are not routinely used unless infection is clearly present; and rehabilitation exercises are not a priority during the acute phase.