— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師協助一位晚期帕金森氏症病人進食午餐。下列哪項護理措施是該病人的最高優先順序？
A nurse is assisting a client with advanced Parkinson's disease to eat lunch. Which nursing intervention is the highest priority for this client?
- AEnsure the client sits upright at a 90-degree angle✓ 正解確保病人坐直呈 90 度角
- BOffer a soft, pureed diet exclusively僅提供軟質泥狀飲食
- CEncourage the client to eat as quickly as possible鼓勵病人盡可能快速進食
- DProvide high-protein food options提供高蛋白食物選擇
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
帕金森氏症（Parkinson's disease）病人的進食安全首要考慮吞嚥功能障礙（Dysphagia）。因神經肌肉控制減弱，病人極易發生誤吸（Aspiration）導致吸入性肺炎。進食時維持軀幹直立（90度坐姿）能利用重力與解剖結構，確保食物順利進入食道而非氣管。這是所有進食護理中的最高安全優先級。
Feeding safety in clients with Parkinson's disease must first consider dysphagia. Because of impaired neuromuscular control, these clients are highly prone to aspiration and aspiration pneumonia. Maintaining an upright trunk (a 90-degree sitting position) during meals uses gravity and anatomic alignment to direct food into the esophagus rather than the trachea. This is the highest safety priority among all feeding interventions.