— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師為一位體溫 101.5°F (38.6°C) 的病人洗澡。下列哪項措施適當？
A nurse is bathing a client who has a temperature of 101.5°F (38.6°C). Which nursing action is appropriate?
- AUse tepid water and avoid vigorous rubbing✓ 正解使用微溫水，避免用力搓揉
- BUse cold water for a cooling sponge bath使用冷水進行降溫擦浴
- CApply an ice pack directly to the skin將冰袋直接敷在皮膚上
- DPerform the bath as quickly as possible without monitoring the patient在不監測病人的情況下盡快完成洗澡
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
發燒時進行擦澡應使用微溫水（Tepid water），過冷的水會引起寒顫（Shivering），反而增加代謝與核心體溫。摩擦會刺激皮膚，應避免。直接冰敷（C）容易凍傷皮膚且引起強烈寒顫，非擦澡標準建議。
Tepid water is used for sponge baths to facilitate gradual heat dissipation without triggering shivering, which would increase metabolic heat production. Vigorous rubbing should be avoided to prevent skin irritation and further discomfort.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對發燒物理降溫的觀點一致，皆強調「微溫水」避免寒顫。