護理師觀察到同事違反標準防護措施，哪項行為需要立即介入？
A nurse observes a colleague violating standard precautions. Which action by the colleague requires immediate intervention?
- ARecapping a contaminated needle after patient use✓ 正解病人使用後重新套上污染針頭的保護套
- BUsing the same stethoscope for different patients without cleaning未清潔聽診器即用於不同病人
- CFailing to wear a gown for a patient with a non-infectious wound為非感染性傷口病人未穿著隔離衣
- DWearing gloves while charting at the computer戴著手套在電腦前書寫病歷
標準防護措施（Standard Precautions）的目的在於保護醫療人員免受血液與體液傳播疾病的威脅。其中，針扎（Needlestick injury）是導致愛滋病、B 型肝炎及 C 型肝炎傳播的最主要路徑。回套針頭（Recapping）被證實是造成針扎傷害的主因，美國醫院政策嚴格禁止此行為，必須立即介入以維護安全。
Standard precautions aim to protect healthcare workers from diseases transmitted by blood and body fluids. Among these, needlestick injury is the principal route of transmission for HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Recapping needles has been shown to be the leading cause of needlestick injuries, and U.S. hospital policy strictly prohibits this practice. Immediate intervention is required to maintain safety.
美國醫院對於「回套針頭」的監管極其嚴格，許多機構設有安全針具（Safety-engineered needles），一旦使用立即激活安全機制，絕不允許回套。台灣臨床雖亦宣導，但執行落實度與執法強度在美國更為嚴格。