一位病人對服藥不配合，護理師的首要行動為何？
A nurse is caring for a client who is non-compliant with medication. What is the priority nursing action?
- AAssess the reasons for the client's non-compliance✓ 正解評估案主不服藥的原因
- BEducate the client on the consequences of not taking the medication教育案主不服藥的後果
- CDocument the client's non-compliance in the chart在病歷中記錄案主不服藥的情形
- DReport the client to the physician immediately立即向醫師報告案主
護理流程（Nursing Process）的核心在於「評估（Assessment）優先」。當病人出現不配合服藥行為時，護理師不能預設病人是故意違抗，而應先找出背後潛在的臨床、經濟或心理障礙。透過評估，護理師能釐清是藥物副作用、無法負擔藥費、對於病情認知不足，或是文化信仰差異所致，進而提供針對性的護理介入。
The core of the nursing process is 'assessment first.' When the client demonstrates noncompliance with medication, the nurse must not assume the client is intentionally defying orders; instead, the nurse should first identify the underlying clinical, financial, or psychological barriers. Through assessment, the nurse can determine whether the issue is medication side effects, inability to afford the drug, inadequate understanding of the illness, or cultural beliefs, and then provide a targeted nursing intervention.
在美國臨床環境中，護理師的角色強調自主權（Autonomy）與病人教育。比起台灣有時傾向直接回報醫師，美國護理師更被期待主動進行評估並協調多職種團隊（Interdisciplinary team）來解決問題。