護理師準備幫病人輸紅血球懸浮液，在開始輸血前，哪項措施是最高優先級？
A nurse is caring for a client with a prescription for a transfusion of packed red blood cells. Which action is the highest priority before starting the transfusion?
- AEnsure a patent IV line with 18-20 gauge needle確保靜脈通路暢通，使用18-20號針頭
- BObtain a baseline set of vital signs取得基準生命徵象
- CVerify the blood type and crossmatch with another nurse✓ 正解與另一位護理師核對血型與交叉配血
- DExplain the transfusion procedure to the client向病人說明輸血程序
輸血安全的第一要務是確認血型與交叉配對符合，這是防止嚴重輸血反應（溶血）的關鍵防線。根據護理臨床指引，這必須由兩名合格醫護人員共同核對。其他選項雖為必要流程，但正確辨識血液與病人身分是預防致命醫療錯誤的絕對首選。
The top priority in transfusion safety is confirming that blood type and crossmatch are compatible, which is the key defense against severe hemolytic transfusion reactions. According to nursing clinical guidelines, this must be performed jointly by two qualified medical staff. Although the other options are necessary procedures, correctly identifying blood and client is the absolute first priority for preventing a fatal medical error.
台美均強調雙人核對機制，美國多嚴格規定二名護理師簽名，台灣亦採相同雙簽流程以確保安全。