— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照顧一位接受化學治療的病人。對於出現口腔黏膜炎的病人，哪些護理措施是適當的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client receiving chemotherapy. Which interventions are appropriate for a client experiencing stomatitis? (Select all that apply.)
- ARinse the mouth with normal saline or water frequently✓ 正解經常以生理食鹽水或清水漱口
- BUse a soft-bristled toothbrush for oral hygiene✓ 正解使用軟毛牙刷進行口腔清潔
- CConsume acidic or spicy foods to stimulate saliva食用酸性或辛辣食物以刺激唾液分泌
- DApply topical lidocaine as prescribed for pain management✓ 正解依醫囑塗抹局部利多卡因以控制疼痛
- EAvoid alcohol-based mouthwashes✓ 正解避免使用含酒精的漱口水
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
化療引發之口腔黏膜炎需要溫和的口腔護理。頻繁沖洗口腔與軟毛牙刷可減少黏膜受損與感染風險。酒精成分漱口水會導致黏膜乾燥刺激，應絕對避免。酸性或刺激性食物會加劇潰瘍疼痛，應攝取溫和軟食。止痛藥能協助進食，提升生活品質。
Chemotherapy-induced stomatitis requires gentle oral care. Frequent oral rinsing and the use of a soft-bristled toothbrush reduce mucosal injury and infection risk. Alcohol-containing mouthwashes cause mucosal drying and irritation and must be avoided. Acidic or spicy foods worsen ulcer pain; intake should focus on bland, soft foods. Topical analgesics support adequate intake and improve quality of life.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫院常提供個別化口腔護理計畫，護理師需特別教導病人避開高溫食物。