— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位診斷為暫時性腦缺血發作（TIA）的病人，哪項介入措施至關重要？
Which intervention is critical for a patient diagnosed with transient ischemic attack (TIA)?
- AEncourage bed rest for 48 hours鼓勵卧床休息48小時
- BEducate on stroke warning signs✓ 正解教育中風的警告徵兆
- CPrepare for immediate brain surgery準備立即進行腦部手術
- DAdminister high-dose IV corticosteroids給予高劑量靜脈皮質類固醇
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
TIA 是中風的警訊（警告性發作）。教育病人辨識中風徵象（FAST）並及時就醫是護理指導的核心，因為 TIA 病人未來發生完全性中風的機率極高。TIA 不需手術；皮質素對 TIA 無效；不需要臥床 48 小時。
A TIA is a warning sign for stroke (a warning attack). Teaching the client to recognize signs of stroke (FAST) and seek prompt medical attention is the core of nursing education, because clients who have had a TIA are at very high risk for a future completed stroke. Surgery is not required for TIA; corticosteroids are ineffective for TIA; 48 hours of bed rest is not required.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩國在 TIA 的衛教重點皆是預防中風，特別是血壓控制與抗血小板藥物依從性。