護理師準備經靜脈輸注氯化鉀，哪項安全評估是最高優先級？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride via IV infusion. Which safety assessment is the highest priority?
- AVerify the patient's blood pressure確認病人的血壓
- BReview the patient's history of allergies檢視病人的過敏史
- CCheck the IV site for signs of phlebitis檢查靜脈穿刺部位是否有靜脈炎跡象
- DAssess the client's urine output✓ 正解評估病人的尿量
靜脈輸注氯化鉀（KCl）具有潛在致命危險。鉀離子主要經由腎臟排泄，若病人尿量不足（< 30 mL/hr），意味著腎功能可能受損或體液不足，此時輸注鉀離子極易導致血鉀過高（Hyperkalemia），進而引發心室顫動（V-fib）或心跳停止。因此，確認尿量是給予鉀離子前最重要的安全性評估，確保病人具備代謝鉀離子的能力。
Intravenous potassium chloride (KCl) carries a potentially fatal risk. Potassium is excreted primarily by the kidneys; if urine output is inadequate (< 30 mL/hr), this may indicate impaired renal function or fluid volume deficit, and infusing potassium can rapidly cause hyperkalemia, which may precipitate ventricular fibrillation or cardiac arrest. Therefore, verifying urine output is the most important safety assessment before administering potassium and ensures that the client is able to clear it.