— 降低風險 · HARD · SATA —
護理師準備靜脈給予氯化鉀，應採取哪些安全預防措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride intravenously. Which safety precautions should be taken? (Select all that apply.)
- AEnsure the infusion rate does not exceed 10-20 mEq/hr✓ 正解確保輸注速率不超過 10-20 mEq/hr
- BVerify patency of the IV site before starting✓ 正解開始前確認靜脈通路暢通
- CAdminister the medication via IV push to ensure quick effect經靜脈推注給藥以確保快速療效
- DUse an infusion pump for precise delivery✓ 正解使用輸液幫浦以精確給藥
- EMonitor the site for signs of phlebitis or infiltration✓ 正解監測穿刺部位是否有靜脈炎或滲漏跡象
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀具有高刺激性，切記不可採靜脈推注（IV push），以免導致心律不整或心跳停止。給藥需透過輸液幫浦控制流速，嚴格遵守每小時 10-20 mEq 的限度，並於給藥前確認靜脈通暢度，監測滲漏與靜脈炎，以免組織壞死。
Potassium chloride is highly irritating and must never be administered via IV push due to the risk of fatal cardiac dysrhythmias. It should be delivered through an infusion pump at a rate not exceeding 10-20 mEq/hr, with verification of IV patency and continuous monitoring for signs of infiltration or phlebitis to prevent tissue necrosis.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地皆嚴格禁止 KCl 推注。台灣醫院常使用中央靜脈導管給予濃度較高之 KCl。