護理師評估一位疑似傳染病的病人，應採取哪些措施以確保感染控制？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is assessing a client with a suspected infectious disease. Which actions should the nurse take to ensure infection control? (Select all that apply.)
- ADon appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) before entering the room✓ 正解進入房間前穿戴適當的個人防護裝備 (PPE)
- BEnsure the room is maintained under negative pressure if airborne precautions are required✓ 正解若需空氣傳播隔離，確保房間維持負壓
- CDocument the client's symptoms and isolation status in the electronic record✓ 正解在電子病歷中記錄病人的症狀與隔離狀態
- DDispose of contaminated needles in a sharps container after recapping them回套針頭後將污染的針頭丟入利器盒
- EPlace a surgical mask on the client during transport✓ 正解轉送期間讓病人戴上外科口罩
感染控制的核心是阻斷傳播鏈。正確穿戴 PPE 是基本功，空氣傳染病需負壓隔離，正確記錄可通知各單位防護。轉送病人戴口罩可減少飛沫噴濺。D 選項為嚴重錯誤，針頭絕對不可回套（Recap）以防扎傷，應直接丟入銳器回收盒。
Infection control centers on breaking the chain of transmission. Correct donning of PPE is fundamental; airborne diseases require negative-pressure isolation; and accurate documentation ensures that other team members are aware of the precautions in place. Placing a surgical mask on the client during transport reduces droplet dispersion. Option D is a serious error: needles must never be recapped to prevent needlestick injuries; they should be disposed of directly into a sharps container.
台灣醫院對針頭處置的監控與教育非常嚴格，與美國同樣採取『不回套』的零容忍政策。