— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位嗜中性白血球減少的病人，應採取哪項措施以預防感染？
A nurse is caring for a client with neutropenia. Which action should the nurse take to prevent infection?
- AEncourage consumption of fresh salads鼓勵食用新鮮沙拉
- BProvide an enema to ensure bowel regularity提供灌腸以確保排便規律
- CAllow visitors with minor colds to enter允許患有輕微感冒的探視者進入
- DAvoid placing fresh flowers in the room✓ 正解避免在房間內放置鮮花
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
嗜中性白血球低下（Neutropenia）病人免疫力極弱，鮮花、盆栽土壤中常含有黴菌及綠膿桿菌。此外，應採取保護性隔離（Reverse Isolation），嚴禁有感染跡象的人員進入，飲食應避開生食，且避免會造成黏膜損傷的操作（如灌腸）。
Patients with neutropenia have severely weakened immunity, and fresh flowers and the soil of potted plants commonly harbor fungi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In addition, reverse (protective) isolation should be implemented, anyone with signs of infection must be strictly excluded from the room, raw foods should be avoided, and procedures that could damage the mucosa (such as enemas) should not be performed.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院設有嚴格的 Neutropenic Precautions 指引；台灣各醫院針對此類病人的保護程度差異較大，但基本原則是一致的。