護理師準備一位病人進行處置，需確保環境安全。哪些發現屬於隱患？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing a client for a procedure and needs to ensure the room is safe. Which findings are hazards? (Select all that apply.)
- AWater spilled on the floor✓ 正解地板上有灑出的水
- BSiderails on one side left down✓ 正解一側床欄未放下
- CMedical equipment blocking the exit✓ 正解醫療設備阻擋出口
- DA non-slip mat in the shower淋浴間內有防滑墊
- EA frayed electrical cord✓ 正解電線破損
護理師在執行任何醫療處置前，首要任務是確保病人與環境的絕對安全。此題評估的是環境中的潛在危害（hazards），這些危害可能導致病人滑倒、跌倒、受傷或延誤逃生。 選項 A, B, C, E 皆為明確的環境安全隱患。地板上的水漬（A）是滑倒的常見原因。未將床欄（siderails）完全放下（B）可能造成病人試圖跨越而跌落。醫療設備阻礙逃生通道（C）在火災或緊急疏散時會危及生命。破損的電線（E）可能導致電擊或火災。 選項 D 則是一項安全措施，防滑墊（non-slip mat）用於浴室，旨在降低滑倒風險，因此不是隱患。 臨床思路（Priority / Safety）：在執行任何程序前，確保病人所處環境的安全是護理師的基本職責，優先排除可能造成傷害的因素，以預防意外事件發生。
Before performing any medical procedure, the nurse's first priority is to ensure the absolute safety of the patient and the environment. This question evaluates potential environmental hazards, which can cause the patient to slip, fall, suffer injury, or delay evacuation. Options A, B, C, and E are all clear environmental safety hazards. Water on the floor (A) is a common cause of slipping. Side rails that are not fully lowered (B) may lead the patient to attempt to climb over and fall. Medical equipment blocking the evacuation pathway (C) endangers life in the event of fire or emergency evacuation. Damaged electrical cords (E) can cause electric shock or fire. Option D, by contrast, is a safety measure; a non-slip mat is used in the bathroom to reduce the risk of slipping and is therefore not a hazard. Clinical reasoning (Priority/Safety): Before performing any procedure, ensuring the safety of the patient's environment is a basic nursing responsibility, and factors that could cause harm should be eliminated as a priority to prevent adverse events.