— 基本照護與舒適 · HARD · SATA —
護理師協助意識不清的病人進行口腔衛生。下列哪些步驟是必要的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to assist a client with oral hygiene. Which of the following is essential if the client is unconscious? (Select all that apply.)
- APlace the client in a side-lying position✓ 正解將病人置於側臥姿勢
- BUse a firm toothbrush to scrub the gums使用硬毛牙刷刷洗牙齦
- CUse a padded tongue blade to keep the mouth open✓ 正解使用加墊壓舌板保持口腔張開
- DApply lubricant to the lips✓ 正解在嘴唇上塗抹潤滑劑
- EUse lemon-glycerin swabs for cleaning使用檸檬甘油棉棒進行清潔
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
針對意識不清（Unconscious）的病人，口腔護理的首要目標是「預防吸入性肺炎」。必須維持側臥位以利口腔分泌物排出，並隨時準備抽吸設備。由於病人無法配合張口，使用軟質開口器保護黏膜是必要的。護理結束後，嘴唇應塗抹潤滑劑以防乾裂。絕對禁止使用檸檬甘油棉棒，因為甘油會吸收水分，導致口腔黏膜反而更乾燥。
For an unconscious client, maintaining a side-lying position facilitates drainage of secretions and prevents aspiration. A padded tongue blade helps keep the mouth open safely without causing injury, while lip lubricant prevents cracking and dryness. Lemon-glycerin swabs are contraindicated as they can further dry the oral mucosa.