— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
腹部手術後的病人因疼痛而不願咳嗽。護理師應採取哪項行動?
A client is recovering from an abdominal surgery and is reluctant to cough due to pain. Which action should the nurse take?
- ATeach the client to splint the incision with a pillow✓ 正解教導病人用枕頭支撐切口
- BTell the client that coughing is not necessary告訴病人不需要咳嗽
- CAvoid encouraging the client to cough避免鼓勵病人咳嗽
- DAdminister extra oxygen instead of coughing給予額外氧氣以代替咳嗽
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
腹部手術後,病人因切口疼痛而避免咳嗽和深呼吸是常見的。然而,有效的咳嗽和深呼吸對於預防術後肺部併發症,如肺不張(atelectasis)和肺炎(pneumonia)至關重要。當病人不願咳嗽時,護理師應教導他們如何「支撐性咳嗽」(splinting the incision)。 這項技術要求病人在咳嗽時,用枕頭或自己的雙手輕輕而堅定地按壓手術切口。這樣可以提供支撐,減少咳嗽時對切口的拉扯和震動,從而顯著減輕疼痛,讓病人能夠更有效地咳出痰液。臨床思路方面,護理師應結合疼痛管理與呼吸道護理,採取措施鼓勵病人進行必要的術後活動,以促進康復。
The nurse should teach the client to splint the incision with a pillow to reduce pain during coughing, which is essential for preventing atelectasis and pneumonia. This technique supports the surgical site, minimizing discomfort and encouraging effective pulmonary hygiene.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理常使用「Splinting」一詞;台灣臨床常稱為「傷口固定」或「抱枕頭咳嗽」。