護理師準備為病人靜脈輸注鉀離子（KCl），哪項行動是確保安全的優先事項？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride (KCl) IV piggyback to a client. Which action is the priority to ensure safety?
- ACheck the IV site for signs of phlebitis檢查靜脈穿刺部位是否有靜脈炎跡象
- BVerify the infusion rate with an electronic pump使用電子輸注泵驗證輸注速率
- CEnsure the medication is diluted in the appropriate volume確保藥物稀釋於適當體積中
- DVerify the client's current serum potassium level✓ 正解驗證病人當前的血清鉀濃度
鉀離子（KCl）是高警訊藥物（High-alert medication）。給予 KCl 前，護理師必須確認病人當前的血鉀數值，因為高血鉀（Hyperkalemia）會直接導致致命的心律不整（如心室顫動）。無論醫囑為何，若血鉀數值已處於高位，給予鉀離子將造成立即且直接的生命威脅。安全優先順序永遠是：評估數據 -> 排除禁忌 -> 給藥。
Potassium chloride (KCl) is a high-alert medication. Before administering KCl, the nurse must verify the patient's current serum potassium level, because hyperkalemia directly causes fatal cardiac arrhythmias (such as ventricular fibrillation). Regardless of the order, if the serum potassium is already high, giving additional potassium will create an immediate and direct threat to life. The safety priority is always: assess the data -> rule out contraindications -> administer the drug.