護理師照護一位感染艱難梭菌的病人。下列哪項預防措施是必須執行的？
A nurse is caring for a client with Clostridioides difficile infection. Which precaution is essential to implement?
- AWear a N95 respirator佩戴 N95 呼吸器
- BPerform hand hygiene with alcohol-based hand rub使用酒精性搓手液進行手部衛生
- CUse soap and water for hand hygiene✓ 正解使用肥皂和水進行手部衛生
- DMaintain negative pressure airflow維持負壓氣流
艱難梭菌（C. diff）能產生芽孢，酒精無法有效殺滅，因此接觸病患或環境後必須使用肥皂與水洗手，透過機械摩擦移除芽孢。這屬於接觸隔離範疇，無需負壓病房或 N95 口罩。錯誤選項因酒精對芽孢無效，且防護等級過高。
Clostridium difficile (C. diff) produces spores that alcohol cannot effectively kill; therefore, after contact with the patient or the environment, hands must be washed with soap and water, using mechanical friction to remove the spores. This falls within the scope of contact isolation and does not require a negative-pressure room or an N95 respirator. The incorrect options are wrong because alcohol is ineffective against spores, and the level of protection chosen is excessive.
台美皆遵循接觸隔離原則，但美國院內對 C. diff 的環境消毒規範（如漂白水）通常更為嚴格。