— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
下列哪種行為可能顯示病人正處於焦慮中？
Which of the following behaviors might indicate that a client is experiencing anxiety?
- ARelaxed body posture放鬆的身體姿勢
- BCalm and focused attention冷靜且專注的注意力
- CDeep, slow breathing深沉、緩慢的呼吸
- DRestlessness and pacing✓ 正解坐立不安與踱步
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
焦慮（Anxiety）是一種主觀的壓力感受，會引發生理與行為上的適應性反應。當病人處於焦慮狀態時，身體會啟動交感神經系統，表現出能量無法釋放的行為，如坐立不安（restlessness）或不斷踱步（pacing）。相較之下，深呼吸、冷靜專注與放鬆姿勢皆為副交感神經主導的放鬆狀態，與焦慮的臨床表現相反。
Anxiety is a subjective experience of stress that triggers adaptive physiological and behavioral responses. When a patient is in an anxious state, the body activates the sympathetic nervous system, producing behaviors in which energy cannot be released, such as restlessness or constant pacing. In contrast, deep breathing, calm focus, and relaxed posture are all parasympathetic-dominant relaxation states, which are the opposite of the clinical presentation of anxiety.