— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人正在進行全靜脈營養（PN）治療。護理師應優先採取何種措施以預防併發症？
A nurse is caring for a client receiving parenteral nutrition (PN). Which action should the nurse prioritize to prevent complications?
- AAdminister at a rapid rate to meet nutritional needs快速輸注以滿足營養需求
- BChange the IV tubing every 48 hours每 48 小時更換靜脈輸液管路
- CUse the PN line for other medication infusions通過 PN 導管輸注其他藥物
- DCheck blood glucose levels every 6 hours✓ 正解每 6 小時檢查血糖水平
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
PN 含有高濃度葡萄糖，易導致高血糖反應。監測血糖以利及時調整胰島素注射是關鍵護理。PN 必須緩慢給予，快速灌注會導致滲透壓過高與代謝混亂；管路更換遵循無菌原則；PN 管路不可併用其他藥物，以防配伍禁忌與感染。
PN contains a high concentration of glucose and easily causes hyperglycemic responses. Monitoring blood glucose to allow timely adjustment of insulin injections is key nursing care. PN must be administered slowly; rapid infusion leads to excessive osmolality and metabolic derangement. Tubing changes follow aseptic principles, and the PN line must not be used concurrently with other medications to avoid incompatibilities and infection.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院多由營養師與藥師調配 PN；台灣多由藥師調配，但護理師執行監測程序兩國相同。