護理師準備協助病人進行腰椎穿刺，為預防過程中受傷，哪項措施是必須的？
A nurse is preparing a client for a lumbar puncture. Which nursing action is essential to prevent injury during the procedure?
- AEnsure the client is NPO for at least 8 hours確保病人至少禁食 8 小時
- BInstruct the client to maintain a side-lying, knee-to-chest position✓ 正解指示病人保持側臥、膝部貼胸的姿勢
- CApply a warm compress to the lower back在下背部敷熱敷包
- DAdminister prophylactic antibiotics prior to the procedure在手術前給予預防性抗生素
腰椎穿刺（Lumbar puncture）的核心在於藉由脊椎屈曲（spinal flexion）來打開椎間隙（intervertebral space），這能減少穿刺針穿過韌帶的阻力並降低觸及神經根的風險。採胎兒姿勢（fetal position）側臥，能有效拉開棘突間隙。此項操作對預防病人因疼痛或肌肉痙攣導致身體移動而造成的穿刺意外至關重要。護理師必須在過程中持續監測病人呼吸狀態，並給予安撫。
Positioning the client in a side-lying, knee-to-chest posture is essential during a lumbar puncture because it maximizes spinal flexion. This position widens the intervertebral spaces, facilitating easier needle insertion into the subarachnoid space while reducing resistance from ligaments and the risk of nerve root injury. Maintaining this stable position also prevents sudden movements that could cause procedural complications.