— 降低風險 · HARD · SATA —
護理師照護一位中心靜脈導管（CVC）的病人，哪些措施能預防導管相關血流感染（CLABSI）？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a central venous catheter. Which actions prevent central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI)? (Select all that apply.)
- APerform hand hygiene before touching the line✓ 正解在觸碰導管前執行手部衛生
- BUse sterile technique when changing the dressing✓ 正解更換敷料時使用無菌技術
- CScrub the hub with alcohol before accessing✓ 正解在連接前以酒精擦拭接頭
- DChange the IV tubing every 24 hours每 24 小時更換靜脈輸液管路
- EAssess the site daily for redness or drainage✓ 正解每日評估穿刺處是否有發紅或滲液
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防 CLABSI 需落實嚴格無菌原則。洗手、無菌更換敷料、接頭徹底消毒（scrub the hub）及每日評估穿刺點是標準流程。IV 管路不需要每 24 小時更換，通常依各院指引（如 72-96 小時）更換即可，頻繁更換反而增加污染風險。
Preventing CLABSI requires strict adherence to aseptic technique, including performing hand hygiene, using sterile technique for dressing changes, and scrubbing the hub before access. The site should be assessed daily for signs of infection, and tubing is typically changed every 72–96 hours, not every 24 hours.
✦ 台美臨床差異
CLABSI 是美國醫院品質評鑑重點（VBP），台灣醫院亦致力推動中央導管組合照護（Care Bundles）。