一位 45 歲廣泛性焦慮症病患主訴心悸、出汗及瀕死感。護理師首要行動為何？
A 45-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents with reports of palpitations, sweating, and feelings of impending doom. Which action is the priority for the nurse?
- AEncourage the client to discuss the source of anxiety鼓勵病人討論焦慮的來源
- BProvide a calm, quiet environment✓ 正解提供安靜、平和的環境
- CAdminister an ordered PRN sedative給予處方備用鎮靜劑
- DPerform a comprehensive physical assessment進行全面的身體評估
面對焦慮發作或恐慌症狀，首要之務是降低環境刺激以穩定情緒。減少外在感官輸入能幫助病患減緩神經系統的高度激發狀態。在病患焦慮水平極高時，直接進行談話（A）或身體檢查（D）會增加壓力，而藥物（C）應在非藥物介入無效後考慮。
When facing an anxiety attack or panic symptoms, the first priority is to reduce environmental stimulation to stabilize the client's emotions. Decreasing external sensory input helps reduce the client's hyperarousal of the nervous system. While the client's anxiety level is extremely high, directly initiating conversation (A) or physical examination (D) can increase stress, and medication (C) should be considered only after non-pharmacological interventions have been attempted.
台美護理師在面對焦慮發作時皆以環境調整為優先，差異在於台灣臨床有時會更依賴醫囑給藥作為首選處置。