— 基本照護與舒適 · HARD · MCQ —
在低血容積初期，哪項是預期的生理表現？
Which of the following is an expected finding for a client in the early stages of hypovolemia?
- AIncreased urine output尿量增加
- BHypotension低血壓
- CBradycardia心動過緩
- DTachycardia✓ 正解心動過速
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低血容積初期，人體為代償血液灌流不足，交感神經會興奮導致心跳加速（Tachycardia，D）。血壓（B）在初期可能維持正常（代償期），心跳減慢（C）為晚期瀕死徵兆，尿量減少（A）是因為血液重新分配至心臟與大腦導致腎血流量下降。
In the early stage of hypovolemia, the body compensates for inadequate perfusion by stimulating the sympathetic nervous system, which causes tachycardia (option D). Blood pressure (B) is often maintained within normal limits during the compensatory phase, while bradycardia (C) is a late, pre-terminal sign. Urine output decreases (A) because blood is redirected to the heart and brain, reducing renal blood flow.
✦ 台美臨床差異
無明顯差異，皆強調觀察代償徵象（Tachycardia）以早期發現休克。