— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · MCQ —
一位視力受損的病人剛入住病房，護理師採取下列何項措施正確？
A nurse is helping a client with a visual impairment adjust to a hospital room. Which action is appropriate?
- AKeep the door slightly ajar to provide light將房門微開以提供光線
- BSpeak loudly and slowly to help the client understand大聲且緩慢地說話以幫助病人理解
- CExplain the layout of the room using the clock face method✓ 正解使用時鐘方位法說明房間佈局
- DMove the furniture to create a clear pathway in the center移動傢俱以在中央創造清晰的通道
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
針對視力障礙病人，建立環境空間感至關重要。使用「時鐘定位法」（Clock face）解釋物品位置，能協助病人建立穩定的空間地圖。隨意移動家具會打破其習得的空間記憶；視障病人聽力正常，無須大聲說話；光線對全盲者無用，對弱視者需避免刺眼眩光。
For a visually impaired client, establishing spatial orientation is essential. Describing the room layout using the clock-face method (e.g., 'water is at 3 o'clock') helps the client build a stable mental map. Moving furniture disrupts learned spatial memory; visually impaired clients have normal hearing, so speaking loudly is unnecessary; light is irrelevant for the totally blind.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理對於無障礙設施與溝通技巧有嚴格的 ADA 法規要求；台灣醫院則多依賴護理師的臨床經驗落實。