— 生理適應 · HARD · SATA —
護理師評估庫興氏症候群病患，預期會出現哪些症狀？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is assessing a client with Cushing's syndrome. Which symptoms should the nurse anticipate? (Select all that apply.)
- AMoon face✓ 正解滿月臉
- BTruncal obesity✓ 正解軀幹性肥胖
- CHypotension低血壓
- DPurple striae✓ 正解紫紋
- EHyperglycemia✓ 正解高血糖
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
庫興氏症候群（Cushing's syndrome）是因長期暴露於過高濃度的皮質醇（Cortisol）所致。皮質醇會促進脂肪重新分佈、蛋白質分解及糖質新生（Gluconeogenesis）。臨床表現常見向心性肥胖（Truncal obesity）、滿月臉（Moon face）、水牛肩、皮膚變薄出現紫紋（Purple striae）以及高血糖。皮質醇同時具有礦物皮質素活性，會導致鈉水滯留，進而引發高血壓，而非低血壓。
Cushing's syndrome results from prolonged exposure to excessive cortisol. Cortisol promotes fat redistribution, protein catabolism, and gluconeogenesis. Clinical features commonly include truncal obesity, moon face, buffalo hump, thin skin with purple striae, and hyperglycemia. Cortisol also has mineralocorticoid activity, leading to sodium and water retention and consequently hypertension, not hypotension.