一位左腿深層靜脈栓塞（DVT）病人入院。護理師應立即向醫療人員回報哪項評估發現？
A client is admitted with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the left leg. Which assessment finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider immediately?
- ADiminished pedal pulses in the left foot左腳足背動脈搏動減弱
- BSudden shortness of breath and chest pain✓ 正解突發性呼吸困難和胸痛
- CPain and swelling in the left calf左小腿疼痛和腫脹
- DRedness and warmth at the site of DVTDVT 部位發紅和溫熱
深層靜脈栓塞（Deep Vein Thrombosis, DVT）是指在深層靜脈中形成血栓，常見於下肢。雖然 DVT 本身會引起疼痛和腫脹，但其最嚴重的併發症是血栓脫落並隨血流移動到肺部，導致肺栓塞（Pulmonary Embolism, PE）。肺栓塞會阻塞肺動脈，嚴重影響氣體交換和心臟功能，是一種危及生命的緊急情況。因此，護理師在照顧 DVT 病人時，最優先的臨床思路是監測並立即報告任何提示 PE 的症狀，以確保病人安全並及時獲得治療。
Sudden shortness of breath and chest pain are classic signs of a pulmonary embolism, a potentially fatal complication where a DVT clot travels to the lungs. This requires immediate reporting and intervention, whereas local swelling, redness, and diminished pulses are either expected findings or indicative of different vascular issues.
美國 NCLEX 重視預防併發症的識別；台灣臨床上對於 DVT 病人通常會實施絕對臥床以防止血栓脫落。