— 生理適應 · HARD · SATA —
一位患有愛迪生氏症（腎上腺皮質功能不足）的病人。護理師優先評估哪些項目？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with Addison's disease. Which priority assessment should the nurse perform? (Select all that apply.)
- ABlood pressure✓ 正解血壓
- BSerum sodium level✓ 正解血清鈉濃度
- CSerum potassium level✓ 正解血清鉀濃度
- DBlood glucose level✓ 正解血糖值
- EWeight gain體重增加
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
愛迪生氏症患者因皮質醇與醛固酮缺乏，常出現低血壓（因脫水與低鈉）、低血鈉、高血鉀與低血糖。體重增加通常見於庫欣氏症（Cushing's syndrome），而非愛迪生氏症。護理師需密切追蹤電解質與生命徵象，以預防發生腎上腺危象。
Because clients with Addison's disease have deficiencies of cortisol and aldosterone, they commonly present with hypotension (from dehydration and hyponatremia), hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and hypoglycemia. Weight gain is typically seen in Cushing's syndrome rather than in Addison's disease. The nurse must closely monitor electrolytes and vital signs to prevent the development of an adrenal crisis.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣診斷愛迪生氏症後，病患常需佩戴緊急辨識手環，美國亦同，但台灣病患對類固醇依賴的衛教需求更頻繁。