一位第一型糖尿病患被發現意識不清，血糖 45 mg/dL。護理師應先給予什麼？
A client with type 1 diabetes is found unconscious with a blood glucose level of 45 mg/dL. What should the nurse administer first?
- AIntramuscular glucagon肌肉注射升糖素
- BSubcutaneous insulin皮下注射胰島素
- CIntravenous dextrose 50% solution✓ 正解靜脈注射50%葡萄糖溶液
- DOral orange juice口服柳橙汁
病人意識不清（Unconscious）代表無法安全吞嚥，禁止經口給予任何食物或液體（選項 D 錯誤）。在醫院環境中，針對嚴重低血糖（< 70 mg/dL）且意識不清的病人，靜脈注射葡萄糖水是提升血糖速度最快且最有效的手段。胰島素（選項 B）會惡化低血糖；升糖素（選項 A）可用，但通常在靜脈通路無法建立時才使用。
An unconscious client cannot swallow safely, so administration of any food or fluid by mouth is contraindicated (option D is incorrect). In the hospital setting, for a client with severe hypoglycemia (< 70 mg/dL) who is unconscious, intravenous dextrose is the fastest and most effective means of raising the blood glucose level. Insulin (option B) would worsen the hypoglycemia; glucagon (option A) may be used, but typically only when IV access cannot be established.
美台皆強調意識不清禁用經口給藥。美國護理師對於 D50 的給予通常有成熟的急救 protocol。