一位 45 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症的個案，主訴心悸、出汗和強烈的恐懼感。護理師最合適的初步措施為何？
A 45-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents with reports of palpitations, sweating, and feelings of dread. Which initial intervention by the nurse is most appropriate?
- ATeach the client deep breathing techniques教導客戶深呼吸技巧
- BStay with the client in a quiet, low-stimulation environment✓ 正解陪伴客戶待在安靜、低刺激的環境中
- CEncourage the client to discuss the stressors鼓勵客戶討論壓力來源
- DAdminister an PRN anxiolytic medication給予處方之按需 (PRN) 抗焦慮藥物
對於急性焦慮發作（Panic attack/Acute anxiety）的個案，護理師的首要任務是提供「安全感」與「降低環境刺激」。過多的外界刺激會加重病人的恐慌感。在病人處於恐慌狀態時，應陪伴在側，並將其帶至安靜的環境，待病人情緒穩定後，再進行衛教或討論壓力源，這符合 Maslow 需求層次中的安全需求。
For a client experiencing a panic attack or acute anxiety, the nurse's first task is to provide a sense of safety and reduce environmental stimuli. Excessive external stimulation worsens the client's sense of panic. While the client is in a panic state, the nurse should remain at their side and move them to a quiet environment, and only after their emotional state has stabilized should education or discussion of stressors take place. This approach aligns with the safety needs level of Maslow's hierarchy.