— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位長期照護機構的病人被診斷為早期阿茲海默症。下列哪項護理介入最能幫助維持病人的獨立性？
A client in a long-term care facility is diagnosed with early-stage Alzheimer's disease. Which psychosocial intervention by the nurse is most appropriate for maintaining client independence?
- AAdminister medication at the same time daily每天固定時間給予藥物
- BAssist the client with all activities of daily living協助病人進行所有日常生活活動
- CPerform cognitive memory games every hour每小時進行認知記憶遊戲
- DCreate a structured, consistent daily routine✓ 正解建立結構化且一致的每日作息
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
早期失智症病人應透過結構化的日常生活作息，利用規律性與預測性降低認知障礙帶來的焦慮與混亂。協助處理過多事務反而會導致病人功能退化；密集進行遊戲可能造成挫折感，重點在於透過環境支持系統來最大化現有功能。
For a client with early-stage dementia, a structured daily routine uses regularity and predictability to reduce the anxiety and confusion produced by cognitive impairment. Helping the client with too many tasks can lead to functional decline, while intensive cognitive games can cause frustration. The focus should be on environmental support systems that maximize the client's existing function.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國強調以病人為中心的個別化照護計畫（Person-Centered Care），台灣則常因人力限制，採統一化的護理照護模式。