護理師正在照護一位新診斷發炎性腸道疾病（IBD）的病人。與潰瘍性結腸炎相比，哪個症狀最能代表克隆氏症（Crohn's disease）？
A nurse is caring for a client with newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Which symptom is most characteristic of Crohn's disease compared to ulcerative colitis?
- ABloody diarrhea血便腹瀉
- BPerianal disease (fistulas, abscesses)✓ 正解肛周疾病（瘻管、膿瘍）
- CUrgency to defecate排便急迫感
- DAbdominal cramping腹部絞痛
克隆氏症可能影響消化道任何部位（從口腔到肛門），且常涉及全層腸壁，因此容易產生腸道外併發症，如肛周瘻管（perianal fistulas）、肛門周圍膿瘍。潰瘍性結腸炎則主要影響大腸黏膜層，常表現為血便、腹瀉、急便感。腹部絞痛和腹瀉是兩者共有的症狀。
Crohn's disease can involve any part of the digestive tract (from mouth to anus) and often involves the full thickness of the bowel wall, predisposing to extraintestinal complications such as perianal fistulas and perianal abscesses. Ulcerative colitis primarily affects the mucosa of the colon and typically presents with bloody stools, diarrhea, and urgency. Abdominal cramping and diarrhea are symptoms common to both.
美國對於 IBD 的診斷與治療有專門的消化系內科醫師團隊，並常進行基因檢測評估；台灣也重視此點，但病人接受內視鏡檢查的頻率與範圍可能因醫療機構而異。