— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
在低血容積休克病人身上，護理師預期會見到哪些臨床表現？
Which clinical manifestations would the nurse expect in a client with hypovolemic shock?
- AFlushed, warm skin潮紅、溫暖的皮膚
- BTachycardia✓ 正解心跳過速
- CBradycardia心跳過緩
- DHypertension高血壓
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低血容積休克（Hypovolemic shock）是因為體液流失導致心輸出量下降。身體為了代償低血壓，會啟動交感神經系統，釋放腎上腺素，導致心跳加快（Tachycardia）以維持心輸出量。同時，血液會被重新分配到重要器官（心、腦），導致周邊血管收縮，使皮膚呈現蒼白、濕冷。血壓會隨著休克程度惡化而降低，不會升高。
Hypovolemic shock results from fluid loss and reduced cardiac output. To compensate for low blood pressure, the sympathetic nervous system releases catecholamines, increasing heart rate (tachycardia) to maintain output. Blood is redistributed to vital organs (heart and brain), causing peripheral vasoconstriction with pale, cool, clammy skin. Blood pressure falls as shock progresses, not rises.