護理師準備為一位無意識病人進行口腔護理，哪些措施是必要的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to provide oral care to an unconscious client. Which actions are necessary? (Select all that apply.)
- APlace the client in a side-lying position✓ 正解將個案置於側臥姿勢
- BUse a stiff-bristled toothbrush to clean teeth使用硬毛牙刷清潔牙齒
- CUse a padded tongue blade to open the mouth✓ 正解使用帶襯墊的壓舌板張開嘴巴
- DApply a thin layer of petroleum jelly to the lips✓ 正解在嘴唇上塗抹薄層凡士林
- ESuction oral secretions as needed✓ 正解按需抽吸口腔分泌物
對於無意識病人，口腔護理的首要原則是保護氣道安全（Airway protection）。病人缺乏吞嚥反射，液體極易流向喉頭引發吸入性肺炎（Aspiration pneumonia）。護理措施必須包含正確體位、保護口腔黏膜以及及時清除分泌物。護理師應評估病人的吞嚥能力與口腔衛生狀況，並準備好抽吸設備，確保整個清潔過程中氣道通暢。
For an unconscious client, the foremost principle of oral care is airway protection. The client lacks a swallowing reflex, and fluids may easily flow toward the larynx and trigger aspiration pneumonia. Nursing measures must include correct positioning, protection of the oral mucosa, and prompt removal of secretions. The nurse should assess the client's swallowing ability and oral hygiene status and have suction equipment ready to ensure airway patency throughout the procedure.