— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師為深層靜脈栓塞病史的病人皮下注射肝素，下列何者為正確操作？
A nurse is administering a dose of subcutaneous heparin to a client with a history of deep vein thrombosis. Which action is appropriate?
- AUse a 1.5-inch needle to ensure intramuscular delivery使用 1.5 英吋長的針頭以確保肌肉注射
- BInject the medication into the abdominal fat pad✓ 正解將藥物注入腹部脂肪墊
- CAspirate before injecting the medication給藥前進行回抽
- DMassage the injection site vigorously after administration給藥後用力按摩注射部位
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
皮下注射（Subcutaneous injection）肝素（Heparin）的目的是為了讓藥物在脂肪組織中緩慢吸收。選擇腹部脂肪區（abdominal fat pad）是因為該處血管豐富度適中且不易受肌肉活動影響。操作時嚴禁回抽或按摩，是因為肝素屬於抗凝血劑，這些動作會導致局部微血管破裂，造成皮下血腫（hematoma）或瘀青。
The purpose of subcutaneous injection of heparin is to allow slow absorption of the drug through adipose tissue. The abdominal fat pad is selected because its vascular supply is moderate and it is not affected by muscular activity. Aspiration and massage are strictly prohibited during administration because heparin is an anticoagulant; these actions can rupture local capillaries, resulting in subcutaneous hematoma or bruising.