護理師照護一位躁鬱症處於躁期（manic episode）的病人，下列哪項護理措施最合適？
A nurse is caring for a client experiencing a manic episode associated with bipolar disorder. Which nursing action is most appropriate?
- AAllow the client to engage in competitive games with peers允許病人與同儕參與競賽性遊戲
- BSet strict limits on the client’s expression of energy嚴格限制病人的精力表達
- CEncourage the client to participate in group social activities鼓勵病人參與團體社交活動
- DProvide a high-calorie, finger-food diet✓ 正解提供高熱量、手指食物飲食
躁期病人因活動量極大，熱量消耗快且常無暇進食，故提供高熱量、方便手拿的食物（finger food）可確保其營養攝取。社交活動或競技遊戲會增加病人的過度刺激。設限必須明確且具治療性，而非僅是限制其能量表達。
Manic clients have markedly increased energy expenditure and limited attention for meals, putting them at risk for malnutrition and dehydration. Offering high-calorie, nutrient-dense finger foods (sandwiches, cheese, fruit) that can be eaten while moving meets caloric needs without forcing the client to remain seated. Group socialization (C) and competitive games (A) cause overstimulation and escalate agitation; setting strict limits on 'energy expression' (B) is non-therapeutic—limits should target unsafe behavior, not normal expression.
台美臨床皆重視躁期病人的環境減刺激，但台灣護理單位較常使用結構化的物理空間保護，美國則較強調自主權利與法律規範。