— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人被診斷為高血鉀，護理師應監測哪項心電圖變化？
A client is diagnosed with hyperkalemia. Which ECG change should the nurse monitor for?
- AST segment depressionST 段下陷
- BShortened QT intervalQT 間期縮短
- CU wavesU 波
- DTall, peaked T waves✓ 正解高聳且尖銳的 T 波
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血鉀（Hyperkalemia）會顯著影響心肌細胞電位，導致去極化過程發生變化。心電圖（ECG）的典型變化包括：高聳的 T 波（Tall, peaked T waves）、PR 間期延長、QRS 波變寬。若未及時處理，會演變為正弦波（Sine wave）甚至心室顫動或心跳停止，因此護理師必須持續監測 ECG 以評估心肌受損程度。
Hyperkalemia significantly affects myocardial cell membrane potential, altering the depolarization process. Typical ECG changes include tall, peaked T waves, prolonged PR interval, and widened QRS complexes. Without timely treatment, these may progress to a sine-wave pattern and even ventricular fibrillation or cardiac arrest. Therefore, the nurse must continuously monitor the ECG to assess the degree of myocardial involvement.