下列哪些跡象屬於護理師應通報的疑似虐待兒童徵兆？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following are considered indicators of potential child abuse that a nurse should report? (Select all that apply.)
- ABruises in various stages of healing✓ 正解處於不同癒合階段的瘀青
- BThe child explains an injury consistently with the physical findings兒童對傷勢的解釋與體徵一致
- CThe child appears excessively fearful of their parents✓ 正解兒童對父母表現出過度恐懼
- DFrequent emergency department visits for minor injuries✓ 正解因輕微傷勢頻繁前往急診
- EThe parent provides an explanation that contradicts the developmental age of the child✓ 正解家長提供的解釋與兒童的發展年齡不符
兒童虐待的指標包含：多處不同癒合階段的傷痕（暗示長期受虐）、過度畏懼父母（恐懼性依附）、頻繁就醫（忽略或虐待）、解釋內容與發育階段不符（如嬰兒不會自行造成該類傷口）。B 若解釋與傷勢相符，則為正常現象，非虐待指標。
Indicators of child abuse include: multiple injuries in various stages of healing (suggesting ongoing maltreatment), excessive fearfulness of parents (fear-based attachment), frequent medical visits (neglect or abuse), and explanations inconsistent with the child's developmental level (for example, injuries that an infant could not produce). If the explanation in option B is consistent with the injury, it represents a normal accidental cause rather than an indicator of abuse.
美國強制通報（Mandatory Reporting）法律非常嚴格且與護理師執照掛鉤，台灣同樣有責任通報制度，但評估標準化流程略有差異。