— 心理社會完整性 · HARD · SATA —
一位失智症個案出現「日落症候群」，護理師應執行哪些介入措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is assessing a client with dementia who is experiencing 'sundowning.' Which interventions should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply.)
- AProvide a structured routine throughout the day✓ 正解全天提供結構化的日常作息
- BSchedule physically demanding activities in the late afternoon在下午晚些時候安排體力消耗大的活動
- CEnsure adequate lighting in the client's room during the evening✓ 正解確保傍晚時段客戶房間有充足照明
- DLimit daytime naps to prevent nocturnal wakefulness✓ 正解限制白天午睡以防止夜間清醒
- EMinimize noise levels and environmental distractions✓ 正解最小化噪音水平和環境干擾
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
日落症候群是指失智症病人在傍晚或夜間出現混亂、焦慮、激動的現象。護理重點在於規律作息、充足光照、避免刺激。B錯誤，下午激烈運動會導致過度疲勞，反而加重精神混亂。應將活動排在白天，傍晚提供安靜、明亮且規律的環境。
Interventions for sundowning include providing a structured routine, ensuring adequate lighting to reduce shadows, limiting daytime naps to improve nighttime sleep, and minimizing environmental noise. Physically demanding activities should be scheduled earlier in the day, as late-afternoon fatigue can worsen confusion.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣長照病房對於日落症候群的非藥物處置策略，常與家屬衛教結合，強調環境調整與規律活動。