— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位 PTSD 病人正經歷「閃回（flashback）」。優先介入為何？
A patient with PTSD experiences a flashback. What is the priority intervention?
- ALeave them alone until the flashback passes讓其獨自一人直到閃回過去
- BOrient the patient to the present and provide a grounding technique✓ 正解引導病人回到當下並提供接地技巧
- CChallenge the reality of their flashback挑戰其閃回的現實性
- DAsk them to describe the trauma in detail要求其詳細描述創傷經歷
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
閃回時病人會感到彷彿再次經歷創傷。B透過現實定向與接地（grounding）技巧將病人拉回現在是最安全有效的做法。D會引發二度創傷；C病人在此時極度脆弱，孤立會有危險；D挑戰病人的感受會讓其感到不被尊重或受到威脅。
During a flashback, the patient feels as though they are reliving the trauma. Option B, orienting the patient to the present and using a grounding technique, is the safest and most effective approach. Option D would cause re-traumatization; Option A is dangerous because the patient is extremely vulnerable at this moment, and isolation places them at risk; Option C challenges the patient's perception and makes them feel disrespected or threatened.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣臨床護理師常透過「擁抱」或「輕觸手部」來穩定病人，但對於 PTSD 病人，必須先徵詢意願以防誤觸引發防衛反應。