一位病人預計進行心導管檢查，將使用顯影劑。下列哪項護理介入在檢查前最重要？
A client is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization using radiopaque contrast dye. Which nursing intervention is essential pre-procedure?
- APerform a complete neurological assessment執行完整的神經學評估
- BVerify the client's allergy to iodine or shellfish✓ 正解確認病人是否對碘或貝類過敏
- CEnsure the client remains NPO for 12 hours確保病人禁食（NPO）12 小時
- DAdminister prophylactic antibiotics給予預防性抗生素
心導管檢查涉及將顯影劑（Contrast dye）注入血管，這類藥劑多含碘成分。對於過敏體質的病人，顯影劑可能引發嚴重過敏反應（Anaphylaxis），包括低血壓、呼吸困難甚至休克。在NCLEX考試中，預防致命性風險（如過敏性休克）永遠是護理優先級（Priority）的第一考量。術前確認過敏史不僅是照護標準，更是確保病人生命安全的核心步驟。
Cardiac catheterization involves injecting contrast dye into the bloodstream, and most of these agents contain iodine. In allergy-prone clients, contrast dye can trigger severe anaphylaxis with hypotension, respiratory distress, or even shock. On the NCLEX, preventing life-threatening risks (such as anaphylactic shock) is always the top priority. Confirming allergy history before the procedure is not only a standard of care but also a core step in ensuring patient safety.
台灣與美國在術前評估流程高度一致。美國醫療機構強調使用電子病歷系統（EMR）的過敏警示（Allergy alert）功能，護理師在送病人進導管室前，必須再次口頭與病人確認過敏史。