— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師準備經鼻胃管給藥，應採取哪些措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer medication via an NG tube. Which actions should the nurse perform? (Select all that apply.)
- ACheck tube placement by aspirating gastric contents✓ 正解通過抽吸胃內容物來檢查管路位置
- BCrush all medications together to save time將所有藥物搗碎混合以節省時間
- CFlush the tube with 15-30 mL of water before and after administration✓ 正解在給藥前後用15-30 mL的水沖洗管路
- DUse sterile water for medication dissolution使用無菌水溶解藥物
- EElevate the head of the bed to at least 30 degrees✓ 正解將床頭抬高至少30度
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
鼻胃管給藥需確保安全，首要確認管路位置（A），避免誤入氣管。給藥前後需沖洗管路（C）以防堵塞或藥物交互作用。為防嗆咳與吸入性肺炎，床頭抬高 30 度（E）是必須的。B 選項錯誤：藥物應分開研磨給予，以防交互作用；D 選項錯誤：除非病人免疫功能低下，否則不需強制使用無菌水，一般自來水或開水即可。
To ensure safety, the nurse must verify tube placement by aspirating gastric contents and elevate the head of the bed to at least 30 degrees to prevent aspiration. Flushing the tube with water before and after administration maintains patency and prevents clogging or drug interactions.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫院常規使用無菌蒸餾水或濾過水；美國多數機構依據指引允許使用飲用水沖洗管路，除非有感染管制特殊考量。