— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位病人被診斷為低血鉀，護理師應預期心電圖出現何種異常？
A client is diagnosed with hypokalemia. Which rhythm abnormality should the nurse anticipate on the ECG?
- AU waves✓ 正解U 波
- BWidened QRS complexQRS 波群變寬
- CShortened QT intervalQT 間期縮短
- DTall, tented T waves高大鋸齒狀 T 波
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低血鉀影響心肌細胞的再極化過程。心電圖典型特徵包括 ST 段壓低、T 波平坦或倒置，以及明顯的 U 波出現。U 波的產生與浦金氏纖維再極化延遲有關。高血鉀才會出現高尖 T 波、PR 間期延長及 QRS 波變寬。
Hypokalemia affects the repolarization process of cardiac muscle cells. Typical ECG features include ST-segment depression, flattened or inverted T waves, and prominent U waves. The appearance of U waves is associated with delayed repolarization of Purkinje fibers. Tall, tented T waves, prolonged PR interval, and widened QRS complex are findings of hyperkalemia, not hypokalemia.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床對於 ECG 判讀的護理責任相似，但美國 RN 常需在 ACLS 架構下即時執行判讀並回報。