病人正經歷恐慌發作，下列哪些介入措施是適當的？（選所有適合的）
A patient is experiencing a panic attack. Which interventions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
- AUse short, simple sentences✓ 正解使用簡短、簡單的句子
- BMaintain a calm and firm demeanor✓ 正解保持冷靜且堅定的態度
- CLeave the patient alone to help them calm down讓患者獨處以幫助其平靜下來
- DProvide clear, concise directions✓ 正解提供清晰、簡潔的指示
- EPlace the patient in a quiet, low-stimulus environment✓ 正解將患者安置在安靜、低刺激的環境中
恐慌發作（Panic attack）時，病人的認知能力與環境感知會大幅下降。護理師應擔任「穩定中心」的角色。使用簡短、簡單的句子溝通能幫助病人接收資訊，因為此時他們無法處理複雜的指令。提供安全、低刺激的環境能減少焦慮源，而堅定且冷靜的態度能給予病人安全感。切記，絕不能讓恐慌病人獨處，因其可能因極度焦慮而產生自我傷害行為。
During a panic attack, the patient's cognitive ability and environmental awareness are markedly reduced. The nurse should serve as a stabilizing presence. Using short, simple sentences helps the patient receive information, because they cannot process complex instructions at this time. Providing a safe, low-stimulation environment reduces sources of anxiety, and a firm yet calm demeanor offers the patient a sense of safety. It is essential to remember that a patient in panic must never be left alone, as extreme anxiety may lead to self-harm.