一名 45 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症的病人出現心跳過快、心悸和瀕死感。護理師首要採取的介入措施為何？
A 45-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents with rapid heart rate, palpitations, and a sense of impending doom. Which intervention is most appropriate for the nurse to implement initially?
- AInstruct the client to breathe slowly and deeply✓ 正解指示病人緩慢且深層地呼吸
- BEncourage the client to discuss their fears鼓勵病人討論其恐懼
- CLeave the client alone to reduce environmental stimuli讓病人獨處以減少環境刺激
- DAdminister an PRN anxiolytic medication給予備用（PRN）抗焦慮藥物
面對急性焦慮發作，首要目標是恢復生理穩定，腹式深呼吸能刺激副交感神經，幫助降低心率與改善過度換氣。B 需醫囑且非首要動作；C 在情緒激動時效果不佳，應待冷靜後再談；D 絕對不可讓病人獨處，以免發生意外。
In an acute anxiety attack, the first goal is to restore physiologic stability. Abdominal deep breathing stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system, helping to slow the heart rate and correct hyperventilation. Option D requires an order and is not the first action; option B is less effective during emotional distress and should wait until the client is calm; option C is absolutely contraindicated—the client should never be left alone to avoid accidents.
美台護理臨床對於急症評估一致，均遵循安全優先與非藥物治療介入原則。